The Disgusting Story Behind One of Cinema's Most Infamous Rape Scenes Has Caused an Uproar in Hollywood. On Friday, a 2013 video of Italian director Bernardo Bertolucci discussing one of his 1972 films, The Last Tango in Paris, resurfaced and caused an uproar. In it, Bertolucci admits that he and the film's leading man, Marlon Brando. Directed by Bernardo Bertolucci. With Marlon Brando, Maria Schneider, Maria Michi, Giovanna Galletti. A young Parisian woman meets a middle-aged American businessman who demands their clandestine relationship be based only on sex.
In 2007, Maria Schneider said that she “felt a little raped” during the filming of an infamous rape scene with Marlon Brando in the 1972 film “Last Tango in Paris,” and that the tears she cried on screen were real.
In 2013, Bernardo Bertolucci, the director of the film, confirmed that Ms. Schneider wasn’t told ahead of time that Mr. Brando would use butter as a lubricant for the simulated sex because he “wanted Maria to feel, not to act, the rage and the humiliation.”
Mr. Bertolucci’s comments did not receive widespread attention at the time, but rocketed into prominence over the weekend after they resurfaced in media reports about a Spanish nonprofit’s publicity campaign about violence against women. Several prominent figures in Hollywood responded on social media with anger toward Mr. Bertolucci and Mr. Brando, while wondering why Ms. Schneider’s story was not better known.
“Inexcusable,’’ Ava DuVernay, a filmmaker, said on Twitter. “As a director, I can barely fathom this. As a woman, I am horrified, disgusted and enraged by it.”
Chris Evans, an actor, said on Twitter: “I will never look at this film, Bertolucci or Brando the same way again. This is beyond disgusting. I feel rage.”
Ms. Schneider was an unknown 19-year-old French actress paid $4,000 for her part in “Last Tango,” in which her torrid affair with an American businessman, played by a 48-year-old Mr. Brando, included explicit sex scenes that shocked audiences. The scene in which Mr. Brando pins her to the floor and appears to force anal intercourse remains one of the enduring images from the film, and was part of the reason The Motion Picture Association of America gave the film an X rating.
It was critically acclaimed; Mr. Brando, who died at 80 in 2004, received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor, while Mr. Bertolucci, 76, was nominated for Best Director. Ms. Schneider was not nominated but emerged as a sex symbol; she had several leading roles in the 1970s, but her acting career declined later in the decade, while her personal life was marred by drug abuse and at least one suicide attempt. In 2011, she died of cancer at age 58.
In an interview with The Daily Mail in 2007, she said the rape scene, which was shot in one take, left her feeling humiliated and attacked by both Mr. Brando and Mr. Bertolucci.
“That scene wasn’t in the original script. The truth is, it was Marlon who came up with the idea,” Ms. Schneider said. “I should have called my agent or had my lawyer come to the set because you can’t force someone to do something that isn’t in the script, but at the time, I didn’t know that.”
Mr. Bertolucci said in 2013 that he and Mr. Brando thought of including butter in the scene on the morning it was filmed and purposely kept Ms. Schneider in the dark.
“I didn’t tell her what was going on because I wanted her reaction as a girl, not as an actress,” he said.
He said that Ms. Schneider hated him until her death, but the tactic was necessary to obtain the effect.
“I feel guilty,’’ he said, “but I do not regret.”
While Ms. Schneider’s statements in her 2007 interview did not go unnoticed — they figured prominently in her obituary in The New York Times — neither it nor Mr. Bertolucci’s 2013 interview instantly received the kind of widespread attention that both gained this weekend.
El Mundo de Alycia, a Spanish nonprofit, posted the video of Mr. Bertolucci’s interview to YouTube as part of a protest against violence against women in November. It began appearing in English-language outlets, including Elle, on Friday, and celebrities soon responded in force.
In a statement on Monday, Mr. Bertolucci called the flap “a ridiculous misunderstanding.”
“Somebody thought, and thinks, that Maria had not been informed about the violence on her. That is false!” he said in the statement, according to Variety.
“Maria knew everything because she had read the script, where it was all described,” he continued. “The only novelty was the idea of the butter. And that, as I learned many years later, offended Maria. Not the violence that she is subjected to in the scene, which was written in the screenplay.”
Those responding on Twitter included several well-known actors in Hollywood.
Others on Twitter wondered why it took so long for the outrage to form.
Schneider at the Festival Créteil Films de Femmes in 2001 | |
Born | 27 March 1952 |
---|---|
Died | 3 February 2011 (aged 58) |
Nationality | French |
Occupation | Actor |
Years active | 1969–2008 |
Partner(s) | Maria Pia Almadio |
Parent(s) | Daniel Gélin (deceased) Marie-Christine Schneider |
Relatives | Xavier Gélin (half-brother; deceased) Fiona Gélin (half-sister) |
Maria-Hélène Schneider (27 March 1952 – 3 February 2011), known as Maria Schneider, was a French actor. She starred opposite Marlon Brando in Bernardo Bertolucci's film Last Tango in Paris (1972).[1]
Schneider worked in more than 50 films and television productions between 1969 and 2008, including Last Tango in Paris, Michelangelo Antonioni's The Passenger (1975, opposite Jack Nicholson), René Clément's Wanted: Babysitter (1975), Daniel Schmid's Violanta (1976), Nouchka van Brakel's A Woman Like Eve (1979), Daniel Duval's Memoirs of a French Whore (1979), Jacques Rivette's Merry-Go-Round (1981), Predrag Golubović's Peacetime in Paris (1981), Enki Bilal's Bunker Palace Hôtel (1989), Marco Bellocchio's The Conviction (1991), Mehdi Charef's In the Country of Juliets (1992), Cyril Collard's Savage Nights (1992), Franco Zeffirelli's Jane Eyre (1996), and Josiane Balasko's A French Gigolo (2008).
Throughout her career, Schneider was a strong advocate for improving the work conditions of women in film.[2] In 2001, Schneider was the guest of honor at the 23rd Festival Créteil Films de Femmes.[3]
- 8Filmography
Early life[edit]
Schneider was born in Paris to Daniel Gélin, a French actor, and Marie-Christine Schneider from Romania, a model who ran a bookshop in Paris.[4] Gélin was married to actress and producer Danièle Delorme during his affair with Marie-Christine Schneider;[5] he never acknowledged Schneider as his daughter.[6] Schneider was brought up by her mother in a town near the French border with Germany; she met her father only three times.[7]
As a teenager, she adored films, going to the cinema up to four times a week. She left home at 15 after an argument with her mother and went to Paris, where she made her stage acting debut that same year.[7] She eked out a living as a film extra and a model.[8] While working on a film set, she met Brigitte Bardot, who, having worked with her father on several productions (a father who refused to help his daughter), was 'horrified' that the young actress was homeless, and thus offered her a room in her house.[9][10] Through Bardot, Schneider met people in the film business, including Warren Beatty, who, greatly impressed by Schneider, introduced her to the William Morris Agency.[11] She was 18 when she had her first break in 1970, appearing in Madly, starring Alain Delon.[12] This was followed by relatively substantial roles in films such as Roger Vadim's Hellé (1972); The Old Maid (La Vieille Fille) (1972) with Philippe Noiret; Dear Parents (Cari genitori) (1973) opposite Florinda Bolkan and Catherine Spaak; and Dance of Love (1973), based on a play by Arthur Schnitzler. (The latter film is also known as Merry-Go-Round, which is not to be confused with Schneider's 1981 film of the same name directed by Jacques Rivette.)
Last Tango in Paris and related controversies[edit]
Schneider gained international renown for her performance at the age of 19 in the sexually explicit Last Tango in Paris (1972), directed by Bernardo Bertolucci.[1] She performed several nude scenes in a graphic portrayal of anonymous sex with an older man. In an interview in 2007,[13] Schneider said of Bertolucci: 'He was fat and sweaty and very manipulative, both of Marlon and myself, and would do certain things to get a reaction from me.'[13] Bertolucci did not reveal this scene to her until just before the filming of it. In 2007, she said:
I should have called my agent or had my lawyer come to the set because you can't force someone to do something that isn't in the script, but at the time, I didn't know that. Marlon said to me: 'Maria, don't worry, it's just a movie,' but during the scene, even though what Marlon was doing wasn't real, I was crying real tears. I felt humiliated and to be honest, I felt a little raped, both by Marlon and by Bertolucci. After the scene, Marlon didn't console me or apologise. Thankfully, there was just one take.[13][14]
In 2013, Bertolucci said he had withheld the information from her to generate a real 'reaction of frustration and rage'.[15] Brando alleged that Bertolucci had wanted the characters to have real sex, but Brando and Schneider both said it was simulated.[16] Actress Jessica Tovey, writing in The Guardian, argued that Bertolucci's defense of pursuing an artistic vision was 'bogus' and that what occurred was 'a violation.'[17] Tovey also observed that it is difficult to imagine the 'roles being reversed; Brando being brutalized only to discover midway through filming that Schneider and Bertolucci had conspired to add an element of humiliation.'[17]
In 2001, Schneider commented:
Last Tango... first major role. In fact, it's a total coincidence. I was friends with Dominique Sanda. She would make the film with Jean-Louis Trintignant, but she was pregnant. She had a large picture with her of both of us. Bertolucci saw it. He made me do a casting... I regretted my choice since the beginning of my career would have been sweeter, quieter. For Tango, I was not prepared. People have identified with a character that was not me. Butter, about saucy old pigs... Even Marlon with his charisma and class, felt a bit violated, exploited a little in this film. He rejected it for years. And me, I felt it doubly.[18][19]
Schneider and Brando remained friends until his death, although they did not speak of the movie for some time.[citation needed] She has said that due to her experience with the film – and her treatment afterward as a sex symbol rather than as a serious actress – she decided never to work nude again. Because of the scandal surrounding the film's release, Schneider's career was seriously damaged. She started struggling with depression, became a drug addict and made several suicide attempts.[20][21] She later became a women's rights advocate, in particular fighting for more female film directors, more respect for female actors, and better representation of women in film and media. Criminal proceedings were brought against Bertolucci in Italy for the anal-sex scene; the film was sequestered by the censorship commission and all copies were ordered destroyed. An Italian court revoked Bertolucci's civil rights for five years and gave him a four-month suspended prison sentence. In 1978 the Appeals Court of Bologna ordered three copies of the film to be preserved in the national film library with the stipulation that they could not be viewed, until Bertolucci was later able to re-submit it for general distribution with no cuts.[22][23][24][25]
During her career, Schneider was a strong advocate for improving the quality and conditions of work for women in film.
I'm still struggling for the image of women in film and I'm still working, not as much as I would like to because for a woman in her late forties, it's hard to find work. Not only in France. I had a chat with Anjelica Huston last year. We spoke about the same problem, you know. I don't know where it comes from? The writers, the producers, or the directors. But I think it's a pity even for the public. We get a response to see a mature woman in film. We see many, many macho men in film. An actress like Meryl Streep doesn't work as much as Bob De Niro.[26]
1970s, post-Last Tango[edit]
In 1975, Schneider was cast opposite Jack Nicholson in the well-received Michelangelo Antonioni film The Passenger, which remains one of the highlights of her career,[27] and was the personal favorite of the actress[28]. That same year, Schneider also starred in René Clément's final movie, the Hitchcockian thriller Wanted: Babysitter, in which, according to Maria, the director actually wanted the actress for the villainous role; yet, when Antonioni screened The Passenger for him, Clément decided that Schneider would be ideal for the heroine.[29] The picture, produced by Carlo Ponti (as with The Passenger and Dear Parents) and also featuring Robert Vaughn, Vic Morrow, and Sydne Rome, went largely unnoticed by the public and critics alike.[citation needed]
During the '70s, Schneider traveled (including to the Hopi Reservation and Navajo Nation[30]) and lived in various parts of Europe, including Venice, Paris, and London.[31] After The Passenger and Wanted: Babysitter, Schneider settled in Los Angeles for a year, looking around for film opportunities and being offered roles in Hollywood movies such as Black Sunday (1977) as a Palestinian guerilla terrorist, which she turned down based on what she perceived to be poor quality material.[32] She signed up with renowned talent agent and producer Paul Kohner[33], and several movies were considered, but ultimately little came of this. Work became difficult for her to find, as she had become uninsurable.[34][35]
Moving back to Europe, Schneider was asked by director Tinto Brass to play Drusilla, the incestuous sister of a notorious Roman emperor, opposite A Clockwork Orange star Malcolm McDowell, in the infamous, pornographic, multi-million dollar Penthouse production of Caligula; Schneider refused to perform nude or do graphic sex scenes[36], and was replaced mid-production with Teresa Ann Savoy, who had appeared in the director's previous film Salon Kitty.
Around the same time, Schneider agreed to star in Luis Buñuel's That Obscure Object of Desire (1977), and showed up on set, yet argued with the filmmaker over how her role would be portrayed in light of Schneider's growing concern regarding the depiction of women in cinema[citation needed], and because of excessive nudity.[37] Schneider ultimately dropped out, and Buñuel made the creative, unusual decision to replace her with not one but two actresses for the same role: Carole Bouquet and Ángela Molina.[38] Schneider was also asked by Bertolucci to appear in his 1900 film (1976), but either turned him down or was fired[39]. In addition, she was asked to play Mary, mother of Jesus in Franco Zeffirelli's television miniseries Jesus of Nazareth (1979); Schneider said she did not feel right for the part, though later regretted missing out on this opportunity[40], and instead eventually appeared in Zeffirelli's 1996 film Jane Eyre in a brief appearance as Bertha Mason.[41]
For the rest of the '70s, Schneider opted to star in small-budgeted, independent European productions, such as the little-seen Swiss period piece Violanta (1976, with a young Gérard Depardieu), and three consciously feministic works: the Italian production I Belong to Me (Io Sono Mia) (1978, with Stefania Sandrelli); the graphic, disturbing Memoirs of a French Whore (French title: La Dérobade) (1978, alongside Miou-Miou, and for which Schneider was nominated for Best Supporting Actress at the 1980 5th César Awards); and the lesbian Dutch drama A Woman Like Eve, directed by Nouchka van Brakel, where Schneider plays the bohemian love interest of conflicted Monique van de Ven who is married with children to Peter Faber.
Towards the end of the decade, famed arthouse director Jacques Rivette met Schneider at a cafe on the Champs-Elysées and asked her what kind of movie she'd like to make with him, to which Schneider replied 'a thriller'; Rivette then asked which actor she'd like to star opposite, and she suggested her friend Joe Dallesandro, renowned for his association with Andy Warhol and leading performances in Paul Morrissey's films.[42] The result was the vague, symbolic crime drama Merry-Go-Round, a troubled production that Schneider and Rivette, both overcome by ill health and personal issues[43], eventually completed, and was finally released in 1981 to mediocre reviews.[44]
The 1980s[edit]
The 1980s were a much quieter period for Schneider, both personally and professionally. Following issues with multiple drug addictions (including cocaine, LSD, and heroin[45]) and a suicide attempt in the '70[46] (in the looming shadow of Last Tango in Paris, which friend and one-time girlfriend of Marlon Brando, Esther Anderson, said 'ruined [Maria's] life'[47]), Schneider once and for all overcame these problems by the early '80s - which she accredited to her 'angel', which may have been life-partner Maria Pia Almadio (or, according to some sources, Crapanzano)[citation needed]. The beginning of the decade saw the actress appearing in a campy Belgian vampire comedy with Louise Fletcher, Mama Dracula (1980), which received universally negative reviews from critics.[citation needed] The same year, she performed alongside Klaus Kinski in the French thriller Hate (Haine).
1981 saw Schneider in Peacetime in Paris, a Yugoslavian picture set in the French capital, which follows a documentarian researching the history of Nazism in Paris; there he meets and falls in love with Schneider's mysterious character, who helps him out on his quest. The picture won a Special Prize at the 12th Moscow International Film Festival, and also featured Schneider's father, Daniel Gélin, in a supporting role as a taxi driver (none of his scenes, however, are shared with Maria.)
In 1982, she offered performances in two comedies, the Italian Looking for Jesus (Cercasi Gesù), with Fernando Rey, and the French Stray Bullets (Balles perdues). Starting from 1984, Schneider began appearing more regularly in European television movies and shows, such as 1985's A Song for Europe (or A Crime of Honor) with a young David Suchet of Agatha Christie's Poirot fame, while doing supporting roles in cinematic turns like the Japanese production of The Princess & the Photographer (1984).
Towards the end of the 1980s, Schneider had substantial roles in the French thriller Résidence surveillée (1987) and the post-apocalyptic surrealistic comedy Bunker Palace Hôtel (1989) with three other legends of French cinema: Jean-Louis Trintignant, Carole Bouquet, and Jean-Pierre Léaud (the latter of which was Schneider's obsessive filmmaker fiancé in Last Tango in Paris.)
Personal life[edit]
In 1974, Schneider came out as bisexual.[48][49] In early 1976, she abandoned the film set of Caligula (reportedly due to its pornographic content, apocryphally saying 'I am an actress, not a prostitute!') and checked herself into a mental hospital in Rome for several days to be with her lover, photographer Joan Townsend.[50][51] This, coupled with her refusal to perform nude, led to Schneider's dismissal from the film. The 1970s were turbulent years for Schneider, marked by drug addiction, overdoses, and a suicide attempt. Schneider said that she disliked the instant fame accorded to her from Last Tango in Paris. She suffered abuse and began taking drugs.[52]
I was rock 'n' roll. About drugs, we did not know at the time, it was so dangerous. There was an ideal, to change society and especially a thirst for novelty... I have lost seven years of my life and I regret it bitterly... I started using drugs when I became famous. I did not like the celebrity, and especially the image full of innuendo, naughty, that people had of me after Last Tango. In addition, I had no family behind me, who protect you... I suffered abuse. People who come up to tell you unpleasant things on planes. I was tracked down, and I felt hounded.[53][54]
By the 1980s, however, her life had improved:
I was very lucky – I lost many friends to drugs – but I met someone in 1980 who helped me quit drugs. I call this person my angel and we've been together ever since. I don't say if it's a man or a woman. That's my secret garden. I like to keep it a mystery.[13]
Death[edit]
Schneider died of breast cancer on 3 February 2011 at age 58.[55][56] Her funeral was held on 10 February 2011 at Church of Saint-Roch, Paris, attended by actors, directors, and producers in French cinema such as Dominique Besnehard, Bertrand Blier, Christine Boisson, Claudia Cardinale, Alain Delon, and Andréa Ferreol, her partner Maria Pia Almadio, half-siblings Fiona and Manuel Gélin, and her uncle Georges Schneider. Delon read a tribute from Brigitte Bardot.[57][58] Schneider was cremated afterwards at Père Lachaise crematorium, and her ashes were to be scattered at sea at the foot of the Rock of the Virgin in Biarritz, according to her last wishes.[59][60][61] Schneider and Fiona were half-sisters of Xavier Gélin, also an actor.
Legacy and honours[edit]
In 2001, Schneider was the guest of honor at the 23rd Festival Créteil Films de Femmes.[3] In a master class at the festival, she called film 'a tracing of memory', and said that women must be recognized as actors and directors. She also brought attention to the importance of assisting senior French actors who become unemployed and impoverished. Schneider was chosen the same year as vice-president of La Roue Tourne [fr], an organization in Paris organized to support senior French actors and directors.[62] According to Schneider, Marcel Carné, director of Children of Paradise (1945) and one of the most important directors of the late 1930s, would have died in poverty but for La Roue Tourne supporting him for the last 10 years of his life.
On 1 July 2010, Schneider was awarded the medal of Chevalier, Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, for her contributions to the arts by Minister of Culture and Communication, Frédéric Mitterrand. He had acted with her in Jacques Rivette's film, Merry-Go-Round (1981).
After Schneider's death, Patti Smith released a song on her 2012 album Banga called 'Maria', which was dedicated both to the actress and nostalgic memories of the 1970s.
On 2018, her cousin Vanessa Schneider published Tu t'appelais Maria Schneider, a book about her.[63]
Filmography[edit]
Films[edit]
Film | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Film | English Translation/ Also Known As | Role | Language |
1969 | Les Femmes | French | ||
L'Arbre de Noël | The Christmas Tree | French | ||
1970 | Madly | French | ||
1971 | Les jambes en l'air | César Grandblaise | Sarah Grandblaise | French |
1972 | Hellé | Nicole | French | |
La Vieille Fille | The Old Maid | Mome | French, German | |
What a Flash! | French | |||
Ultimo tango a Parigi | Last Tango in Paris | Jeanne | French, English | |
1973 | Cari genitori | Dear Parents | Antonia | Italian, English |
Reigen [de] | Dance of Love | Das süße Mädel | German | |
1975 | La Baby-Sitter | The Babysitter The Raw Edge Scar Tissue Wanted: Babysitter | Michèle | English |
Professione: reporter | The Passenger | The Girl | English, German, Spanish | |
1977 | Violanta | Laura | French | |
1978 | Voyage au jardin des morts | Hypolyte | French | |
Io sono mia | I Belong to Me | Suna | Spanish | |
1979 | La Dérobade | The Getaway The Life Memoirs of a French Whore | Maloup | French |
Een vrouw als Eva | A Woman Like Eve | Liliane | Dutch | |
1980 | Weiße Reise | White Travel | German | |
Haine | Hate | French | ||
Mama Dracula | Mother Dracula | Nancy Hawaii | French, English | |
1981 | Une saison de paix à Paris | Peacetime in Paris Sezona mira u Parizu | Elen | French, Serbian |
La chanson du mal aimé | French | |||
Merry-Go-Round | Leo | English | ||
1982 | Cercasi Gesù | Looking for Jesus L'imposteur | Francesca | Italian |
Balles perdues | Stray Bullets | Véra | French | |
1984 | Princess & the Photographer | Yoroppa tokkyu | English, Japanese | |
1987 | Résidence surveillée | Céline Fontaine | French | |
1989 | Bunker Palace Hôtel | Muriel | ||
1991 | The Conviction | |||
Écrans de Sable | Sand Screens | Sarah | French | |
1992 | Au pays des Juliets | In the Country of Juliets | Raissa | |
Les Nuits fauves | Savage Nights | Noria | French | |
1996 | Jane Eyre | Bertha | English | |
1998 | Something to Believe In | English | ||
2000 | Les Acteurs | The Actors | Herself | French |
2002 | La Repentie | The Repentant | French | |
2004 | Au large de Bad Ragaz | |||
2006 | Perds pas la boule! | Thelda | French | |
Quale amore | Italian | |||
2007 | La Vie d'artiste | The Life of the Artist | Cameo appearance | French |
La clef | The Key | Solange | French | |
2008 | Cliente | Client A French Gigolo | Marie-Hélène | French |
TV series[edit]
Television | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Series | English Translation/ Also Known As | Role | Notes |
1984 | Buio nella valle | TV miniseries | ||
1985 | A Song for Europe | A Crime of Honor | TV film | |
1987 | Résidence surveillée | |||
L'or noir de Lornac | TV series | |||
1988 | Silvia è sola | TV film | ||
1993 | Contrôle d'identité | TV film | ||
1995 | Navarro | Samira | TV series Episode: 'L'ombre d'un père' | |
1998 | Angelo nero | TV film | ||
Il cuore e la spada | Queen Maga of Ireland | TV film | ||
2004 | Maigret | TV series | ||
2008 | A.D. La guerre de l'ombre | TV miniseries |
References[edit]
- ^ abBaker, Neal (6 December 2016). 'Who was Maria Schneider? Last Tango in Paris actress in rape scene scandal'. The Sun. London, England: News UK. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
- ^'MMI Interview: Maria Schneider'. www.shoestring.org. Retrieved 28 February 2018.
- ^ abJackie Buet, Elizabeth Jenny, 'Maria Schneider: Belle et Rebelle','Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. Retrieved 21 September 2014.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link) Créteil Films de Femmes, 2001.
- ^Klemesrud, Judy (4 February 1973). 'Maria Says Her 'Tango' Is Not; Movies'. The New York Times. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
- ^David Thomson. A Biographical Dictionary of Film. Andre Deutsch.
- ^'L'actrice française Maria Schneider est décédée', Ozap
- ^ abhttps://movies.yahoo.com/person/maria-schneider/biography.html 'Maria Schneider'Archived 8 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Movies, Yahoo
- ^https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/04/movies/04schneider.html?_r=1, New York Times
- ^https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/04/movies/04schneider.html
- ^https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/downhill-ride-for-maria-after-her-tango-with-brando-20060622-gdnt2a.html
- ^https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/downhill-ride-for-maria-after-her-tango-with-brando-20060622-gdnt2a.html
- ^'Maria Schneider'. Telegraph. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ abcdDas, Lina (19 July 2007). 'I felt raped by Brando'. Daily Mail. London, England: Daily Mail and General Trust. Retrieved 3 February 2011.
- ^Malkin, Bonnie (4 December 2016). 'Last Tango in Paris director suggests Maria Schneider 'butter rape' scene not consensual'. The Guardian. London, England: Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
- ^Macnab, Geoffrey (1 February 2013). 'Bernardo Bertolucci:'I thought I couldn't make any more movies''. The Guardian. London, England: Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
- ^Izadi, Elahe (5 December 2016). 'Why the 'Last Tango in Paris' rape scene is generating such an outcry now'. The Washington Post. Washington DC: Nash Holdings LLC. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
- ^ abTovey, Jessica (9 December 2016). 'Bertolucci's justification for the Last Tango rape scene is bogus. It's called 'acting' for a reason'. The Guardian. London, England: Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
- ^Moira Sullivan, 'Maria Schneider: Forget Last Tango' (Translation of 'Autoportrait: Maria Schneider: Belle et Rebelle'), Jackie Buet, Elizabeth Jenny, Créteil Films de Femmes, 2001 [1]
- ^Jackie Buet, Elizabeth Jenny, 'Autoportrait: Maria Schneider: Belle et Rebelle'Archived 28 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Créteil Films de Femmes, 2001
- ^McLellan, Dennis. 'Maria Schneider dies at 58; actress in 'Last Tango in Paris''. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
- ^'It shouldn't take a male director for us to know that Last Tango in Paris scene was rape'. The Independent. 4 December 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
- ^Rashkin, Esther (2008). Unspeakable Secrets and the Psychoanalysis of Culture. Albany: SUNY Press. p. 224. ISBN0-7914-7534-4. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
- ^Bonnie Malkin and agencies (3 December 2016). 'Last Tango in Paris director suggests Maria Schneider 'butter rape' scene not consensual'. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^'Hollywood Reacts With Disgust, Outrage Over 'Last Tango in Paris' Director's Resurfaced Rape Scene Confession'. Hollywood Reporter. 3 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^Seth Kelley (3 December 2016). ''Last Tango in Paris' Rape Scene Was Not Consensual, Director Admits'. Variety. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^Moira Sullivan, 'Interview with Maria Schneider Honored at the 23rd Créteil Films de Femmes International Film Festival', April 4, 2001
- ^https://ew.com/article/2011/02/05/recalling-maria-schneider-in-last-tango/
- ^https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/downhill-ride-for-maria-after-her-tango-with-brando-20060622-gdnt2a.html
- ^https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/interview-with-maria-schneider
- ^https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/downhill-ride-for-maria-after-her-tango-with-brando-20060622-gdnt2a.html
- ^https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/interview-with-maria-schneider
- ^https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/interview-with-maria-schneider
- ^https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/interview-with-maria-schneider
- ^https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/downhill-ride-for-maria-after-her-tango-with-brando-20060622-gdnt2a.html
- ^https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/interview-with-maria-schneider
- ^https://variety.com/2011/film/news/last-tango-in-paris-star-maria-schneider-dies-1118031477/
- ^https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/feb/03/maria-schneider-obituary
- ^https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/feb/03/maria-schneider-obituary
- ^https://agnesfilms.com/female-filmmakers/last-tango-in-paris-in-maria-schneiders-words/
- ^https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/maria-schneider-actress-best-known-for-starring-opposite-marlon-brando-in-the-controversial-film-2204984.html
- ^http://www.annakarinaland.org/2011/02/maria-schneider-forget-last-tango.html
- ^http://www.annakarinaland.org/2011/02/maria-schneider-forget-last-tango.html
- ^Wiles, Mary (2012). Jacques Rivette (Contemporary Film Directors), p. 144. University of Illinois Press. ISBN978-0-252-07834-7.
- ^Wiles 2012, pp. 64, 155.
- ^https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-maria-schneider-20110204-story.html
- ^shttps://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-maria-schneider-20110204-story.html
- ^https://medium.com/legendary-women/that-film-ruined-her-life-justice-for-maria-schneider-be3a9a8452c2
- ^Hadleigh, Boze (2001), The Lavender Screen: The Gay and Lesbian Films, Citadel Press, p. 81, ISBN0-8065-2199-6
- ^Abrams, Richard M. (2006), America Transformed: Sixty Years of Revolutionary Change, 1941–2001, Cambridge University Press, pp. 165–6, ISBN0-521-86246-9
- ^Ebert, Roger (14 September 1975). 'Interview with Maria Schneider'. Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 21 April 2007.
- ^Maria Schneider Pt. 3: Memoirs of a French Whore, A Woman Like EveAlt Film Guide, 3 February 2011.
- ^'Main Bleue 111'. Philippeheurtault.fr. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^Moira Sullivan, 'Maria Schneider: Forget Last Tango' (Translation of 'Autoportrait: Maria Schneider Belle et Rebelle'), 2 February2001.[2]
- ^Jackie Buet, Elizabeth Jenny, 'Autoportrait: Maria Schneider Belle et Rebelle''Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 8 April 2011.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link) Créteil Films de Femmes, 2001.
- ^Maria Schneider obituaryThe Guardian, 3 February 2011.
- ^Moira Sullivan,Tribute to Maria SchneiderSenses of Cinema, 14 March 2011.
- ^Obsèques de Maria Schneider: L'hommage de Brigitte Bardot et Alain DelonPure People 10 February 2011.
- ^Bagnaud, François. 'Brigitte Bardot rend hommage à Maria Schneider – Actualités de Brigitte Bardot'.
- ^Mort de Maria Schneider : Son dernier adieuPure People, 2011-025-07.
- ^María Schneider; sin tangos pero con emoción en ParísPrensa Latina 10 February 2011.
- ^Regardez l’adieu bouleversant à l’actrice disparueArchived 14 February 2011 at the Wayback MachineGala Magazine 10 February 2011.
- ^'redirection'.
- ^'Maria Schneider : derrière l'actrice magnifique, une vie tourmentée'. Les Inrockuptibles. 10 August 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maria Schneider (actress). |
- Maria Schneider at AllMovie
- Maria Schneider at AlloCiné‹See Tfd›(in French)
- Maria Schneider on IMDb